Sarcopenia in patients after an episode of acute decompensated heart failure: An underdiagnosed problem with serious impact

Romain Eschalier (1, 2, 3) , Grégoire Massoullié (1, 2) , Yves Boirie (4, 5) , Marie Blanquet (2, 6) , Aurélien Mulliez (7) , Pierre-Louis Tartière (1, 2) , Stefan Anker (8) , Marie-Claire d'Agrosa Boiteux (9) , Ruddy Richard (5) , Frédéric Jean (1, 2) , Nicolas Combaret (1, 2) , Géraud Souteyrand (1, 2) , Clément Riocreux (1, 2) , Bruno Pereira (7) , Pascal Motreff (1, 2) , Pelle Stolt (10) , Patrick Rossignol (11, 12, 3, 13) , Guillaume Clerfond (1, 2, 3)

1 CHU Clermont-Ferrand
2 SIGMA Clermont - SIGMA Clermont
3 INI-CRCT - Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists [Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy]
4 UNH - Unité de Nutrition Humaine
5 CRNH A - Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne [CHU Clermont-Ferrand]
6 CH Mauriac
7 Biostatistics Unit (Department of Clinical Research and Innovation)
8 Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin]
9 Clinique Médicale Cardio-Pneumologie de Durtol
10 Maglia Rotta
11 DCAC - Défaillance Cardiovasculaire Aiguë et Chronique
12 CIC-P - Centre d'investigation clinique plurithématique Pierre Drouin [Nancy]
13 Cardiovascular & Renal Clinical Trialists - CRCT - French-Clinical Research Infrastructure Network - F-CRIN [Paris]

Background & aims: Sarcopenia is a multifactorial syndrome resulting in a decrease in both muscle mass and function. Little is known about the prevalence and prognostic impact of sarcopenia in patients with acutely decompensated chronic heart failure (ADHF). We aimed to evaluate the prevalence (main endpoint) and impact of sarcopenia on ADHF patients. Methods: 140 ADHF patients were enrolled between November 2014 and September 2018 in a multi-center prospective longitudinal study. A similar, independent multi-departmental cross-sectional study in 165 ADHF patients was used for external validation of prevalence data. All subjects were assessed on the European Working Group on Sarcopenia criteria. Results: Ninety-one patients (65%) had sarcopenia (vs. 53.6% in the external replication regional cohort). Patients with sarcopenia were older and more likely to have eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m(2) (p < 0.001 and p = 0.002). Sarcopenia was associated with impaired functional status [lower 6 min walking test (220 +/- 108 vs. 279 +/- 170, p = 0.03) and 4 m gait speed (0.56 +/- 0.24 vs. 0.80 +/- 0.37, p < 0.001)] and autonomy [Instrumental activities of daily living: 6.7 +/- 1.4 vs. 7.3 +/- 1.2, p = 0.005]. Over up to 4 years' follow-up, 30 cardiovascular (CV) deaths and 42 non-CV deaths occurred. In a multivariable analysis, sarcopenia was associated with time to first non-CV hospitalization (hazard ratio 1.93; 95% confidence interval 1.14-3.24; p = 0.014) but not with any other hospitalization, any mortality endpoint, or a composite endpoint of CV death and HF hospitalization. Conclusions: The prevalence of sarcopenia in ADHF patients is high and associated with greater risk of non-CV hospitalizations, highlighting the importance of identifying and managing the condition in a multidisciplinary approach.

Mots clés: Chronic heart failure; Sarcopenia; Dysmobility; Decompensation

Domaines: Alimentation et Nutrition

Romain Eschalier, Grégoire Massoullié, Yves Boirie, Marie Blanquet, Aurélien Mulliez, et al.. Sarcopenia in patients after an episode of acute decompensated heart failure: An underdiagnosed problem with serious impact. Clinical Nutrition, 2021, 40 (6), pp.4490-4499. ⟨10.1016/j.clnu.2020.12.033⟩. ⟨hal-03516367⟩